'Gallop kudutsa pamtima wa equestrian Ireland'
Ndi zochepa zowonera zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi cha County Kildare kuposa mahatchi omwe akuyenda modutsa mapiri otseguka a Curragh, mitambo yakupuma yomwe ikututumizira mpweya wam'mawa. Hatchi - 'capall' m'chiIrish - yakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri m'chigawochi kwazaka zambiri ndipo lero malo odyetserako ziweto ali ndi mtima wodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi ku Ireland.
Sizachabe kuti Kildare amadziwika kuchokera ku Australia kupita ku Kentucky kupita ku chipululu cha Arabia ngati 'Thoroughbred County'.
Nthano zimakumbukira momwe wankhondo wosasunthika Fionn mac Cumhaill, kapena a Finn MacCool, anali kulikulu ku Phiri la Allen kuchokera komwe adasakira a King Cormac; Ma hound ake 300 amadziwika ndi mayina mu Ossianic Cycle. Phukusi lachifumu la ma hound silikanawoneka bwino pomwe Aselote adasonkhana kuti athamangitse magaleta awo ku zigwa za Curragh pamsonkhano wapachaka wa Aenach Lifé nthawi zakale. (i)
A Annals akuti a Connairé Môr adapita nawo pachionetsero ndi magaleta anayi asanamwalire mu 60 AD. Inde, mpikisano wothamanga unali mbali yofunika kwambiri pachionetserocho moti olemba mbiri ambiri ankachitcha kuti "Curragh of the Races." (ii)
Zinali zosadabwitsa kuti St Bridget adaonetsetsa kuti chovala chake chikuta madambo onse a Curragh pomwe Mfumu ya Leinster idamulonjeza kuti imupatsa malo aliwonse omwe agwa mumthunzi wake. Mafumu akale anali okwera pamahatchi. Cormac mac Cuilennáin, mfumu yoyera ya Munster, adathyola khosi lake akugwa pa kavalo pankhondo ya Bellaghmoon pafupi ndi Castledermot mu 908 AD. Wopambana mkanganowu anali Cerball mac Muirecáin, Mfumu yomaliza ya Leinster kukhala ku Naas. Cerball adamuwona ngati "wokwera pamahatchi waluso" koma adamufuna kuti afe pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, osachedwa pomwe, atakwera pabwalo la wosula zitsulo mu tawuni ya Kildare, kavalo wake adakweza ndikuponya mfumuyo ndi mkondo wake.
Mabanja a Anglo-Norman monga FitzGerald, de Bermingham ndi de Riddlesford nawonso adabweretsa chikondi chawo pa kavalo ku Kildare, atakwanitsa kupambana kwawo kwakukulu mwachisomo cha mahatchi awo apamwamba. Mu 1260, wophunzira waku Franciscan adadandaula kuti anthu aku Ireland 'amakonda kwambiri masewera komanso kusaka kuposa kugwira ntchito'.
Lipenga la huntsman lidamveka kuderali mzaka za zana la 16 pomwe Gearóid Óg FitzGerald wamphamvu, 9 Earl waku Kildare, adanyamuka ndi mayendedwe ake kufunafuna kalulu, marten ndi nswala. Mzimu wamwana wake wamwamuna, 'Wizard Earl', akuti amayenda pakati pa Kilkea Castle ndi mpumulo ku Mullaghmast zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zilizonse, atavala charger yoyera yovekedwa ndi siliva. Richard Marshall, mdzukulu wa Strongbow, adamuvulaza pomwe adakwera kavalo kunkhondo ku Curragh mu 1234. Zaka zoposa mazana atatu pambuyo pake, a John Hewson, Kazembe wa ku Dublin motsogozedwa ndi Oliver Cromwell, adatsogolera gulu lankhondo lankhondo laka 2000 ndi akavalo 1,000 kuti akagwire malo onse achifumu achifumu ku County Kildare. Akavalo okwera pamahatchi a Jacob nawonso adakumana ku Curragh patsogolo mpaka kugonjetsedwa kwawo kochititsa manyazi pankhondo ya Boyne. Komabe, akavalo monga masewera amapitilizabe kukhala ofunikira kwambiri. Mu 1682, a Curragh adawonedwa ngati malo oti apite kwa 'olemekezeka onse komanso olemekezeka muufumu omwe amayerekezera kuti amakonda, kapena amakondwera, kukopa, kusaka, kapena kuthamanga.' Chaka chomwecho, Lord Kildare wina adakhazikitsa mpikisano watsopano wamahatchi pa 'njira yabwino kwambiri' ndipo adapereka 'mbale ya mapaundi pafupifupi 40 pachaka' kwa wopambana.
Curragh posakhalitsa idakhala yankho ku Ireland ku Newmarket ndimisonkhano yapagulu komanso yaboma. Wolemekezeka Society of Sportsmen adachita msonkhano wawo woyamba ku Curragh mu 1750; anthu adasintha dzina kukhala Turf Club mu 1784. Tom 'Squire' Conolly waku Castletown House anali woyang'anira masewerawa mwakuti dzina lake lidasinthidwa ku Conolly's Mile, mtunda wowongoka wopita kumalo opambana, omwe akadali gawo ya maphunziro a Curragh omwe alipo. Pofika 1809, panali mitundu khumi ndi iwiri yomwe imayendetsedwa pachaka ku Curragh; Irish Derby yoyamba idachitikira kumeneko mu 1866. Kukhazikika pamahatchi kunali m'magazi a mabanja ambiri odziwika a Kildare. Banja la Eustace linachokera kwa Placidus, General of Horse mu gulu lankhondo lachi Roma yemwe adagwira ntchito yozungulira Yerusalemu motsogozedwa ndi Emperor Titus ndi Vespasian. A de Robeck a ku Gowran Grange, Punchestown, anali mbadwa za mkulu wina waku Estonia yemwe adakwera ndi gulu lankhondo lokwera pamahatchi ku Europe. A Jack Ponsonby, omwe adamanga nyumba yabwino kwambiri ya Bishopscourt, Straffan, adakweza magulu anayi a mahatchi kuti amenyane ndi Bonnie Prince Charlie mu 1745. Mbadwa yake William Ponsonby adatsogolera milandu yoyipa ya a Scots Grays pankhondo ya ku Waterloo ku 1815.
Kildare Hunt Club idabadwa mu 1804, ndipo Sir Fenton Aylmer waku Donadea anali mtsogoleri wawo woyamba. Kusaka kunali kotukuka m'zaka za zana la 17th koma kunayamba kukhala kovomerezeka pofika 1726 pomwe a Ponsonbys a Bishopscourt adakhazikitsa zomwe zitha kukhala 'Kildare Hunt' yoyambirira. A Conollys of Castletown House ndi a Kennedy aku Johnstown onse anali ndi phukusi lachinsinsi pazaka za m'ma 1760.
Panalinso mapaketi ku Castlemartin, Ballynure, Castlewarden, Donadea ndi Straffan. Leinster Harriers idakhazikitsidwa ku Kilmorony House pafupi ndi Athy mu 1812 pomwe a Naas Harriers adasungidwa ku Jigginstown kuyambira 1920 mpaka 2000. Banja lina losakira mwachidwi linali a Burghs a Oldtown, Naas; TJ ndi Ulick Burgh onse adatenga nawo gawo pomenyera apakavalo pankhondo ya Tel el Kebir ku Egypt mu 1882. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, mamembala osaka 'adangokonza msonkhano wawung'ono pomwe abambo ndi alimi mofananamo angakonde kukwera kwawo kupitilira pang'ono dziko la Kildare '. Ndipo komabe masewerawa amapitilira chipembedzo ndi gulu mpaka, mu dayosizi ya Kildare ndi Leighlin, kunanenedwa kuti kusaka pakati pa atsogoleri achipembedzo Achikatolika kunali paliponse.
Pofika pakati pa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chisanu ndi chinayi panali ziwonetsero zoposa 35 za akavalo zomwe zidachitikira kuderalo m'matawuni monga Castledermot, Naas ndi Athy; Chiwonetsero cha Monasterevin pachaka mu Julayi ndiye chokhacho chomwe chikugwirabe ntchito. (iii)
Pali zolemba zamipikisano yamahatchi yomwe idachitikira ku Rathgorragh, kumwera kwenikweni kwa Kill Hill, komanso ku Rathcoole, Naas, Kilcock, Corbally Harbor ndi Burnt Furze pansi pa Furness Wood. Mu 1860, Punchestown idapangidwa kukhala malo opezekapo pamsonkhano wa National Hunt, komanso Kildare Hunt. Pasanapite nthawi idakhala masewera othamanga kwambiri ku Ireland, pomwe panali minda yayikulu pamisonkhano iliyonse; maphwando okondweretsedwa m'nyumba zonse zazikulu ozungulira nawonso adakhala nkhani yakusaka konse mu Ufumu wa Britain.
Punchestown ikupitilizabe kutchuka pomwe Naas ilinso ndi mpikisano wothamanga womwe, pamodzi ndi Curragh, amaliza hat-trick ku County. County Kildare adakhala likulu lankhondo la Britain ku Ireland mzaka za 19th. Zinayamba mu 1814, pomanga nyumba zankhondo za amuna okwera pamahatchi okwana 1,000 m'mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Liffey komwe pambuyo pake kunadzakhala Newbridge. Zaka makumi anayi pambuyo pake Gulu Lankhondo Laku Britain lidakhazikitsa msasa wawo woyamba ku Ireland ku Curragh, mwachidziwikire ngati malo ophunzitsira oyang'anira ndi asitikali omwe akumenya nkhondo ya Crimea. Kalonga wa Wales (pambuyo pake Edward VII) anali m'modzi mwa ophunzira oyamba a Curragh ngakhale akuwoneka kuti adaphunzira zoyenda mosiyana ndi iye pa zisangalalo, wokhala kwawo, wotchedwa Nellie Clifden.
Madzulo a Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, msasa wankhondo ndiwo womwe unkakonzekera 'Curragh Mutiny', pomwe oyang'anira aku Britain adawopseza kuti atula pansi udindo m'malo molimbana ndi Ulster Volunteer Force, chochitika chomwe chikuwonetsa momwe mphamvu ya Ulster Unionists idakhalira Ndondomeko yankhondo yaku Britain ku Ireland. Munthawi ya 1870s ndi 1880s wophunzitsa wokhala ku Curragh a Henry Linde aku Eyrefield Lodge adalamulira konse kuthamangitsa mbali zonse ziwiri za Nyanja ya Ireland. Potengera nkhani zopambana ngati izi, kuswana mahatchi kunakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ku Kildare. National Stud idakhazikitsidwa mu 1902 ndipo idakulitsa bwino mtundu wamagazi aku Ireland popereka ma stalion apamwamba pamalipiro ampikisano kwambiri.
Monga woyambitsa wake adakhulupirira kuti kupambana kwa kavalo aliyense wothamanga kumalamulidwa ndi mwezi ndi nyenyezi, khola lililonse linali ndi mlengalenga wokwanira kukulitsa mphamvu zonse zakuthambo. The Tetrarch, m'modzi mwa ana azaka ziwiri othamanga kwambiri nthawi zonse, adasungidwa ku Straffan Station Stud ku Baronrath mu 1911.
Ireland tsopano ndi yayikulu kwambiri ku Europe - ndipo ndi yachinayi padziko lonse lapansi - yopanga zitsamba, ndipo theka la malonda onse aku Ireland akuchitika ku Goff's Kildare Paddocks kunja kwa Naas, kukondwerera zaka 150 mu 2016. Ambiri mwa akatswiriwa amapangidwanso ku County Kildare, komwe tsopano ili ndi minda yopitilira zana, kuphatikiza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aga Khan, Prince Khalid Abdulla ndi banja la Al Maktoum ku Dubai. Kuyambira mu Ogasiti 2016, derali limakhala ndi oweta 801 olembetsa ndi ophunzitsa ma layisensi 84, komanso ma groom, ma farriers, saddlers ndi vet. Ena mwa ophunzitsa opambana a Kildare m'zaka za zana la 21 ndi Jessie Harrington, Sandra Hughes, John Oxx ndi Dermot Weld, komanso malemu Dessie Hughes, pomwe oyang'anira ma jockeys akuphatikizapo Ruby Walsh wodabwitsa, mlongo wake Katie Walsh, Willie Robinson, Willie Robinson ndi malemu Pat Eddery.
Komanso mahatchi othamanga komanso osaka nyama, Kildare anali malo oyendetsa mahatchi omwe kale amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula anthu m'misewu yakumidzi, kulima m'minda komanso kujambula ma boti olimba ndi zinthu zina m'mbali mwa madzi. Munthu wina adamujambuliranso m'madzi mu Grand Canal mzaka za m'ma 1960 - pomwe adalumikizidwa ndi chingwe kwa kavalo wothamanga. Zingwe za zingwe zamahatchi zokokedwa ndi mahatchi zimawonabe ndi mlatho wa ngalande ku Ardclough.
Akavalo osawerengeka adaperekedwa kuti akagwire nawo ntchito nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse itayamba mu 1914. Mmodzi mwa akavalo ankhondo oterewa anali Lisnavagh, wochita nawo ziwopsezo ku banja la Mansfield a Morristown Lattin yemwe adapita ku Western Front ndikubwerera kukapikisananso pa nthaka ya Kildare.
Palibe amene anganyalanyaze kupezeka kwa akavalo mchigawochi. Kupatula pa Wizard Earl woyenda mozungulira Mullaghmast, mizimu ya a James McRoberts, mapiri ake ndi ma hound ake amveka akung'ung'uza mozungulira nthambo wokutidwa ndi nkhungu pafupi ndi Maganey pomwe McRoberts adayikidwa. Gulu la akavalo oyera oyera adayikidwanso ku Forenaghts rath pomwe nzika za Grangemellon zimangoyang'ana kochi ndi anayi, oyendetsedwa ndi wokwera pamahatchi wopanda mutu, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti anyamula mzimu wa Handsome Jack St. Leger, bon wotchuka viveur ndi mnzake wa Prince Regent wolowerera.
Mwina nkhani yodabwitsa kwambiri m'mbiri ya Kildare Hunt ikukhudza a Major Beaumont, mtsogoleri wachisangalalo wosaka, yemwe adamwalira mosayembekezereka mu 1958. Pamsonkhano woyamba pambuyo pa maliro ake, ma hound adabweretsa kusaka kuchokera ku Jigginstown mpaka kumanda a Major Beaumont ku Carnalway Church komwe adayimitsa mwadzidzidzi ndikusiya
'kulira kwakukulu komwe adakhala nako mosadandaula kwa theka la ola lapitalo.'
Kildare - The Thoroughbred County ndi wolemba mbiri komanso wolemba Turtle Bunbury.
[i] Mpukutu wa vellum wa m'zaka za zana la 12 ku Library of Trinity College, ku Dublin uli ndi ndakatulo yomwe akuti idapangidwa ndi Ossian, mwana wa a Finn Mac Cool, m'zaka za zana lachitatu, adalemba kuchokera pamanja yakale kwambiri. Mu ndakatulo iyi Ossian akufotokoza momwe Mfumu ya Leinster panthawiyo idatsegulira 'Aonach Life', 'The Fair of the Liffey'. Mwambowu, womwe udatenga masiku angapo, udali ndi ntchito zambiri - msonkhano wanyumba yamalamulo, chikumbutso cha akufa, msika wazoweta, chiwonetsero chowonetsa zida zaposachedwa, nsalu, miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi mafashoni, msonkhano womwe mbiri ndi malamulo adafotokozedwa, mwayi wopanga zisangalalo ndi mipikisano ya jugglery, mphamvu, nyimbo, kubwereza, kusimba nthano, ndipo pamapeto pake mpikisano wothamanga wothamanga mahatchi ndi miyendo, komanso masewera othamanga ndi masewera ena.
[ii] Umboni wakuthupi ungakhale wovuta kupeza koma mawilo amiyala yamatabwa omwe amapezeka ku Timahoe East akuganiza kuti adayamba kuchokera kumapeto kwa Bronze Age ndipo mwina atha kukhala umboni wa ngolo zokokedwa ndi mahatchi.
[iii] Fair Towns of Ireland, Directory of Ireland ya Wilson, 1834 (http://www.from-ireland.net/irish-fair-town-1834/) - KILDARE: Athy Ballimaney Ballyonan Ballytore Calvertstown Castledermot Castle Carberry Celbridge Clane French -furs Hortland mlatho wa Johnston Killballinerin Kilcock Kilcullen Kilcullenbridge Kildangan Kildare town Kilgowan Kildroughill Kilmeague Kilteel Leixlip Maynooth Monasterevan Moone Naas Narraghmore Newbridge Rathangan Rathbride Redlion ku Russelwood Timolin Tully.
Zomwe Ndimakonda